Maham Hashmi1, Fehmeeda Bibi1 and Faiza Rao1,2
1Department of Zoology, University of Education Lahore, Multan campus.
2Center to Advance Level Research and Development, Multan.
Email;: fehmeada.bibi@ue.edu.pk
Particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) is essential to smog and air pollution. It contains several solid metals and organic compounds, especially polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitroPAHs. Ovarian reserve determines the quality and quantity of the oocytes in both ovaries. The ojective of the study was to determine the influence of exposure to particulate matter (pm2.5 and pm10) on ovarian reserve and early menopause.
The data presented in the study was from Korea, China, America, Australia, Iran, Texas, and England, which suggests that the particulate matter had affected the Anti-Mullerian hormone, and due to less oocyte count, the early menopause (premature menopause) results in females. Long-term exposure to PM involves the apoptosis of ovarian follicles at all developmental stages by increasing oxidative stress and damaging DNA in the ovarian cells, which speeds up the recruitment of primordial cells. Diminished Ovarian Reserve leads to infertility and early menopause in females. The data from research shows association between the PM and DOR. A large number of patients still, however, needed to find the exact mechanism of PM effect on the AMH.
Keyword: PM2.5 and PM1o: particulate matter, diminished ovarian reserve, air pollution, smog, women health.